Lottery Winners Don’t Get Healthier

Wealthier people are healthier and live longer. Why? One popular explanation is summarized in the documentary Unnatural Causes: Is Inequality Making us Sick?

The lives of a CEO, a lab supervisor, a janitor, and an unemployed mother illustrate how class shapes opportunities for good health. Those on the top have the most access to power, resources and opportunity – and thus the best health. Those on the bottom are faced with more stressors – unpaid bills, jobs that don’t pay enough, unsafe living conditions, exposure to environmental hazards, lack of control over work and schedule, worries over children – and the fewest resources available to help them cope.

The net effect is a health-wealth gradient, in which every descending rung of the socioeconomic ladder corresponds to worse health.

If this were true, then increasing the wealth of a poor person would increase their health. That does not appear to be the case. In important new research David Cesarini, Erik Lindqvist, Robert Ostling and Bjorn Wallace look at the health of lottery winners in Sweden (75% of winnings within the range of approximately $20,000 to $800,000) and, importantly, on their children. Most effects on adults are reliably close to zero and in no case can wealth explain a large share of the wealth-health gradient:

In adults, we find no evidence that wealth impacts mortality or health care utilization, with the possible exception of a small reduction in the consumption of mental health drugs. Our estimates allow us to rule out effects on 10-year mortality one sixth as large as the crosssectional wealth-mortality gradient.

The authors also look at the health effects on the children of lottery winners. There is more uncertainty in the health estimates on children but most estimates cluster around zero and developmental effects on things like IQ can be rejected (“In all eight subsamples, we can rule out wealth effects on GPA smaller than 0.01 standard deviations”). Overall for children:

Our results suggest that in a model of child development parameterized to match conditions in Sweden, the effect of permanent income on children’s outcomes is small. With the exception of obesity risk, we estimate precise zero or negative effects in subpopulations for which theories of child development predict larger benefits of wealth. For example, though the mechanism differs, investment models (Becker and Tomes 1979) and parental stress models (Bradley and Corwyn 2002) predict larger positive effects of wealth shocks in families with low incomes. The small impact of wealth on proxies for parenting behavior may explain why the shocks to permanent income appear to have few discernible intergenerational impacts.

One point to note is that they are looking primarily at children born prelottery although they do not find any health effects in infants born postlottery.

As the authors note, Sweden is an affluent society with an extensive social safety net. Nevertheless, there is still a significant health-wealth gradient in Sweden. We might get larger causal estimates of wealth on health elsewhere but the Swedish results bound how far we can reduce the gradient.

The bottom line: Is inequality making us sick? No.

Addendum: The methodological note below was an impressive sign of how research standards at the frontier are changing, expect to see more like this in the future:

To minimize concerns about undisclosed multiple-hypothesis testing, our intergenerational analyses were prespecified in an analysis plan posted in the public domain before running any regressions of child outcomes on the treatment variable (Cesarini et al. 2014).

The post Lottery Winners Don’t Get Healthier appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.


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Lottery Winners Don’t Get Healthier

The More You Know: Polygonal Rifling

Credit: hkpro.comBack in what now seems like a lifetime ago, I spent a year of my life trying to find a way to match fired bullets with their respective cartridge cases. Because the ammunition manufacturing process involves pressing brass (the cartridge) overtop the softer copper alloy (the bullet jacket), I theorized that the ‘tool marks’ left […]

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The post The More You Know: Polygonal Rifling appeared first on The Firearm Blog.


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The More You Know: Polygonal Rifling

Review: Kidd 10/22 Custom Build Components

In the world of 10/22s there are several distinct categories, including “stock,” “upgraded” (where one or just a few components are replaced), and “custom.” On custom 10/22s, few components are left stock, including the receiver – and this is where Kidd rules. Kidd is considered as the top tier of custom 10/22s, and I consider the company founders to be gun industry rock stars for their contribution to and advancement of the 10/22 platform.

About Kidd

Kidd Innovative Design is located in McQuenney, TX and is run by Mary & Tony Kidd. In August of 2000, Kidd launched their website CoolGuyGuns.com with the now-famous Kidd 10/22 trigger. The Kidd trigger remains the most advanced and tunable 10/22 trigger available anywhere.

Besides that, Kidd produces the highest–quality, most tastefully designed and finished 10/22 parts available which consistently outshoot others in the market. Kidd’s understated design screams classy while delivering tiny little groups downrange which the guys with fancy purple barrels will drool over. Set a Kidd component next to any other manufacturer’s component and you will see a level of refinement that can only come from the years of experience… every little detail is perfect and optimized for accuracy.

The Custom Kidd 10/22 Build

I used four vendors for this $1372 custom Kidd tack-driving rifle build:

  • Kidd barrel, bolt, charging handle, receiver pins, v-block, and trigger group.
  • Tactical Machining TM-10/22 billet receiver
  • Boyd Tacticool Stock
  • Leupold VX-2 3-9x33mm Rimfire Scope with Adjustable Objective

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Kidd makes a fine receiver, but I already had a beautiful Tactical Machining billet 10/22 receiver ($129.99), which was begging for a project, so I used that as the base of the build. This 7075 T6 billet receiver is precision milled from billet stock with an integrated extended picatinny rail and cleaning rod guide at the rear of the receiver.

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Kidd Two Stage Trigger Assembly, 8oz/8oz, Red Flat Trigger ($306.90) — this is a complete drop-in pre-tuned trigger group with an auto bolt release. Options include pull weight, trigger blade style and color, magazine release style and housing color (black or silver). Honestly, I think it is the best-feeling trigger I have ever used on any firearm, and it certainly contributed to making it easy to punch little groups.

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Kidd 18” Lightweight Barrel ($245) — Kidd has a variety of barrel profiles, but the 18” Lightweight Barrel intrigued me. The barrel is designed to offer all the advantages of a bull barrel at a reduced weight. The bull diameter of the stainless steel barrel extends for the first two inches, then steps down a little to .870” until the muzzle. An aluminum sleeve on the smaller-diameter portion of the barrel gives it the diameter of a bull barrel while weighing one pound less.

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Although lighter than many bull barrels, it’s still large enough to retain the stiffness for which bull barrels are preferred.

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The Kidd Lightweight barrel is available in black or silver, threaded or unthreaded muzzle, 16.5 and 18 inches long, and for another $33 you can get it with a muzzle brake. The barrels weigh 1 pound 14 ounces and 2 pounds respectively. I chose the 18” version for this build.

Kidd CNC 22 LR Bolt Assembly, Scalloped (apparently discontinued) — This is a precision CNC machined bolt made of 4140 tool steel and precision-tuned with a .0425″ headspace, .035″ firing pin protrusion hardened to 48c Rockwell for durability, and pinned firing pin for consistent ignition.

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This bolt assembly has a radiused and polished bolt end for improved cycling and a tuned firing pin and extractor to improve ignition and extraction. I sprung for the scalloped bolt which does nothing for accuracy, but tastefully adds a little style to the build.

Kidd Threaded Receiver Pin Kit ($21.99) & V-Block ($22) — Kidd’s V-block is such a gorgeous part in and of itself that you hate to cover it up with the stock. Interestingly, Kidd recommends only a nominal 10 foot-pounds of torque on the barrel retainer bolts, as they believe anything more affects accuracy.

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KIDD Bolt Handle Charging Assembly With Guide Rod & Springs ($29.95) — The stock 10/22 compatible KIDD Cocking Assembly is available in either black or silver and is partially wrapped with a Viton cushion for improved comfort during rapid charging. If you don’t want the Viton, other finishes are available.

The included guide rod is precision ground and made from hardened tool steel which is held to 2/10,000″ tolerance throughout its length. The guide rod is then nitride treated which gives its surface a 70C Rockwell (harder than a file) surface hardness for very smooth cycling.

The assembly also includes three springs in varying tensions for standard, subsonic ammo, or 17HM2 ammo. In order to assure cycling with Wolf standard velocity ammo, I installed the subsonic spring. If you are having cycling issues with your custom build this is the cocking assembly to get.

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Boyd Tacticool Stock ($92) — Following the black tie theme, I decided on the Boyd Tacticool stock. Although it looks like a synthetic stock, it’s actually laminated hardwood with black textured paint.

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Leupold VX-2 3-9X33mm Rimfire Ultralight Scope with Adjustable Objective ($399.99) — The Leupold Ultralight VX-2 line is specifically designed for use with rimfire cartridges and features multi-coated super clear optics, blackened lens edges to reduce glare, fast focus eyepiece, and most importantly an adjustable objective. To maximize accuracy, a scope with an adjustable objective is critical to tune parallax and the features of this Leupold scope fit the bill perfectly for even 10 yard shooting.

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Kidd 10/22 Barrel & Trigger Fit, Feel, Finish, & Features

The Kidd two stage trigger allows almost every aspect of the trigger to be controlled and tuned, and the two-stage operation means that the pull weight is evenly spread out over each stage of the pull. Unlike stock polymer trigger housings, Kidd precision-machines each trigger housing from 6061 T6 aluminum. All internal components are wire EDM cut. The triggers are finished with Kidd’s signature red powder coating, but are also available in black as well.

Honestly, unless you are building a dedicated 100 yard benchrest gun, I would go no lighter than the one I have, as this 1-pound (8oz+8oz) pull is a mighty light trigger and it’s about 1 to 2 pounds lighter than any other trigger group I have tested.

Kidd barrels are machined from barrel blanks that are bored and rifled by Lothar Walther in Germany, then sleeved with a permanently-attached anodized aluminum tube and hand-lapped. This creates an extremely rigid and durable barrel while maintaining unparalleled accuracy for a barrel in this weight class.

An important note is that Kidd barrels are chambered to accept .22 LR ammo — they’re not long enough for CCI Stingers — and they have a 1:16 twist. The unique convex extractor slot eliminates extraction problems by ensuring the extractor is always in perfect alignment with the case rim and Kidd is the only manufacturer that takes the expense and time to do this operation. Each barrel receives a beautiful 11 degree crown and the double ring logo at the muzzle which does nothing for accuracy, but it does look cool.

Functioning Expectations Of A Premium Match Chamber

Break-in is required. I had some functioning issues through the first 1000 rounds of ammo, but beyond that break in, I rarely have malfunctions.

Accuracy

The beauty of Kidd components is they allow you to shoot like a superhero without breaking a sweat. Obviously you need to master the fundamentals of shooting first, but if you do, these components will deliver tiny groups effortlessly. A buddy of mine is a good shot though not as experienced as I am, and he was easily drilling sub -half-inch groups at fifty yards. It is a rifle that is easy to shoot well.

This is a .25” grouping gun at 50 yards and it does it even with less-expensive quality ammo. During initial accuracy testing my best group was a stunning .214” group at 50 yards with Wolf ammo and that is hardly expensive ammo. Even my worst group was only .866” and the 50-yard average of all rounds tested was .442”. With Lapua Center-X and Exact I am able to get into the .1x” groups.

Final Thoughts

Perhaps so many think highly of Kidd because of the tiny groups they consistently shoot for everyone, not just the great shooters. Whatever the reason, Kidd has flourished and consistently runs into backorders despite having moved and expanded manufacturing to handle the demand.

My Kidd build is an exceptional rifle in quality, accuracy, fit and finish and I truly understand why everyone puts Kidd out front of the 10/22 pack.

Specs

  • $1372 build
  • Kidd barrel, bolt, charging handle, v-block, and trigger group.
  • Tactical Machining TM-10/22 billet receiver
  • Boyd Tacticool Stock
  • Leupold VX-2 3-9x33mm Rimfire Scope with Adjustable Objective

The post Review: Kidd 10/22 Custom Build Components appeared first on AllOutdoor.com.

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Review: Kidd 10/22 Custom Build Components

Heading to the Range? Watch This First:

 

As we head into the summer months and (hopefully) out to the range more often, it’s a good idea to take a minute to refresh our memories on the four rules of gun safety.

  • All guns are always loaded. (Treat them so!)
  • Never point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy.
  • Keep your finger off the trigger until your sights are on target (and you have made the decision to shoot).
  • Be sure of your target and what is beyond it.

Summer is a great time to take new shooters with us to the range; kids are off school, days are longer and you know the saying, ‘sun’s up, guns up’! While we already know how much fun and the amazing opportunity to connect with others our local ranges provide, I’m sure there are friends you know who may not be familiar and would appreciate the invitation to learn.

It’s also a great opportunity to get others involved with NSSF’s Project ChildSafe and NRA’s Eddie Eagle Program before the new school year begins.

So let’s do our part to foster a love of shooting sports and gun safety in others by committing to take new shooters with us as we head out to the range over the next few weeks! Send us your pictures, we’d love to share that incredible look that spreads across new shooter’s faces after spending time at the range.

The post Heading to the Range? Watch This First: appeared first on Bearing Arms.

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Heading to the Range? Watch This First:

Be Extra Careful About Identity Theft During a Move

Identity theft rates are on the rise, so you should always be vigilant of the threat, and that means taking the necessary steps to protect yourself. As author Adam Levin points out, you should be especially careful to secure your personal information during a big move.

Adam Levin is the author of Swiped: How to Protect Yourself in a World Full of Scammers, Phishers, and Identity Thieves. He explains that it’s important to be extra mindful about personal information during a move since there’s typically a lot of paperwork and mail involved.

Always make sure the federal agencies that send mail to you know where you live. A short list of places you will want to inform of any changes would include the Social Security Administration, the Internal Revenue Service and the Department of Motor Vehicles.

Next, you will want to make sure you forward your mail from your old address, but also be proactive and directly contact people and organizations that regularly send you mail. Letter carriers are not perfect, and you get substitutes on routes that can cause forwards to be ignored. Not only that, but the forwarding period generally ends after a year (it’s typically only good for 60 days on periodicals), and then your replacement in the old homestead will be getting your mail, or it will be left in a public space if you live in an apartment building.

Again, it’s important to keep your info secure all the time, but this is a useful reminder to make sure you notify all banks, credit card companies, bill providers, etc. of your address change and keep an eye on any regular mail. Over at Credit.com, Levin lists some common entities that should be notified. Check it out at the link below.

Moving: A Dangerous Time for Your Identity | Credit.com

Photo by GotCredit.

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Be Extra Careful About Identity Theft During a Move

Use This Website to Make Donald Trump Say Anything You Want

A few months ago some geniuses cooked up a website that makes Obama say anything you want, spliced together word-by-word from endless online clips. There’s now an alternate version that does the same thing with Donald Trump, except that you’ll be hard-pressed to come up with anything more ludicrous than what he’s already said.

The Donald Trump Mishmasher works a little differently than the Obama version. It doesn’t appear to assemble words not in its database using syllables from those that are. So if there’s a word you need that Donald Trump has yet to utter at a debate or rally, you’re out of luck. That includes words that aren’t soundbite-friendly—like profanity. But there’s still a lot of fun to be had with the next president of the United States.

[Mishmasher]

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Use This Website to Make Donald Trump Say Anything You Want

A Rare Look Inside Lego’s Production Facilities

While Lego fans around the world can arrange a tour to see their production facility in Denmark, recording is prohibited inside the factory. However, Lego made a rare exception for their recent Media Day, and Pawel “Sariel” Kmiec (author of The Unofficial LEGO Technic Builder’s Guide and the man behind Sariel’s LEGO Workshop) made the most of it, capturing sights that few have witnessed.

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This is probably the most comprehensive look inside the company’s facilities that you’ll ever see. Which means the video is long, so you’ll probably have to scan through to find what interested you. But there’s something here for every Lego fan, whether industrial designer or layperson.

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To ID’ers, maybe it’s old-hat to see injection molding machines, sprues being whisked off for recycling, ABS pellets being pumped into hoppers. So maybe you want to see the enormous, heavily-roboticized warehouse that normally operates in complete darkness? The vault where they keep a copy of every Lego set ever made? The permanent knock-off exhibition, where the company purposely collects unauthorized reproductions and displays them next to the real thing? The room dedicated entirely to Star Wars Lego sets? The Ideas House where new concepts are born?

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We’ve clipped off the first few minutes (showing Kmiec’s airplane journey) so get started below:

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A Rare Look Inside Lego’s Production Facilities

Shop Tip for ID Modelmakers: Combine Superglue and Baby Powder to Create This Handy Substance

For those of you that need to make models for presentations, nothing is more frustrating than the glaring defects on a highly-visible part, particularly small parts that are tricky to Bondo. (Not to mention exposing yourself to the fumes that come off of your typical Bondo batch.)

Here Tested’s Frank, who formerly worked at McFarlane Toys, shows us how combining superglue and baby powder can save your bacon:

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See Also:

Our tip on spraying thinned joint compound.







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Shop Tip for ID Modelmakers: Combine Superglue and Baby Powder to Create This Handy Substance

Why Doesn’t This Fountain Obey the Laws of Science?

You don’t even need grade school science to know that water flows wherever gravity pulls it. But somehow when poured onto Arthur Carabott’s intriguing fountain, it instead sticks to impossibly perfect straight paths and corners on its way down.

Is it made from some extraterrestrial material science hasn’t classified yet? Nope, just a strategic use of Rust-Oleum’s NeverWet ultrahydrophobic coating on laser-cut acrylic sheets to direct where the water is able to flow. A clever trick, and a neat effect.

[YouTube via Dezeen]


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Why Doesn’t This Fountain Obey the Laws of Science?

This Video Is Every TED Talk Ever

TED Talks were forever shamed by that skewering The Onion gave them a few years ago, but this commentary on what every TED Talk is like from CBC’s This Is That is pretty perfect. It breaks down the things that every person does at one of these talks, including the structure of their speech, the repetition of phrases, the movements onstage, the specific cadence they use, the endless graphs they pummel into our brains, and more.

It starts a little slow, but then again, so does every TED Talk. My favorite line: “Let’s look at the picture of the planet for no reason.”

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This Video Is Every TED Talk Ever